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expanding the areas of green spaces is 20 times less than the losses associated with
the development of the territory of Maly Taldykol and as a consequence of loss of
the natural landscape.
As a result, the first research hypothesis was confirmed - it was proved that
taking into account the valuation of ecosystem services in urban planning will
increase the economic efficiency of management decisions.
The second hypothesis of the study also found confirmation - currently, there
are the following obstacles to the implementation of the ecosystem approach in state
management: the lack of a strategic environmental vision in state policy; indicators
of state sectoral programs are not coordinated and often contradict the goals of
sustainable development; the lack of a mechanism for effective interaction between
state natural resource management bodies; the lack of an accessible Unified
Information System, which formalizes all parameters of the state of natural
resources; lack of succession between levels of government; weak use of local
knowledge potential in state planning and decision-making; lack of external
stakeholders, which are both the source and the recipient of environmental
information.
Theoretical significance
This dissertation is one of the first scientific works in Kazakhstani science,
which combines a comprehensive and comparative analysis of problems and
directions of implementation of the ecosystem approach in the process of making
management decisions in Kazakhstan and other countries; the work includes
practical cases of application of the ecosystem approach in urban planning and
improvement which can be used in improving the skills of decision-makers in the
training and retraining of government officials. In addition, the thesis lays the
conceptual basis for the development of the ecosystem approach in the system of
state management of natural resources, which contributes to the implementation of
measures for further development set out in the Environmental Code of Kazakhstan.
The practical significance of the research is as follows: factors that
influence the development of ecosystem approaches in natural resources
management bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan are identified and diagnosed.
Recommendations on improving the level of knowledge and understanding of the
ecosystem approach by representatives of state authorities in the Republic of
Kazakhstan with the use of case studies and gamification were developed. Proposals

to the Model curricula in terms of additional environmental education for general
educational organizations were prepared.

Through practical examples (cases), approaches to the use of the ecosystem
approach in urban planning in Astana were practically tested. The economic
valuation of ecosystem services undertaken by the author to justify the adoption of
effective management decisions in urban planning in Astana has shown that taking
into account the valuation of ecosystem services in urban planning will improve the
economic efficiency of managerial decisions. It is important to use methods of
valuing ecosystem services as an interpretation of scientific information to make
sound decisions. Point out the importance of an interdisciplinary integrated approach